Mathematics is "the basis of sound" and sound itself "in its musical aspects... exhibits a remarkable array of number properties", simply because nature itself "is amazingly mathematical".
The attempt to structure and communicate new ways of composing and hearing music has led to musical applications of set theory, abstract algebra and number theory. Some composers have incorporated the Golden ratio and Fibonacci numbers into their work.
"Lateralus" by Tool is known for its distinct time signatures and corresponding lyrical patterns.
References:
- Reginald Smith Brindle, The New Music, Oxford University Press, 1987